Why You Should Avoid Racist Halloween Costumes

Why You Should Avoid Racist Halloween Costumes Quite a long time ago, Halloween outfits were straightforward. Witches, princesses, and apparitions surfaced as the most mainstream get-ups. Not all that any longer. In ongoing decades, people in general has developed a fondness for outfits that say something. Sadly, these ensembles once in a while offer expressions saw as bigot or against Semitic, for example, when Englands Prince Harry wore a Nazi outfit to a gathering. Need to make a sprinkle with your Halloween outfit however not one that’s racially hostile? At that point keep away from the accompanying get-ups. Ghetto Person/Black Person Rappers brought the term â€Å"ghetto fabulous† into the American dictionary during the 1990s. The term alludes to the flashy styles that emerge from the lanes of downtowns. Who knew in the ’90s that school kids across the nation would toss parties in the new thousand years with â€Å"ghetto fab† topics? Visitors at such gatherings sport bunches of â€Å"bling,† or flashy gems. Some may cover their teeth with counterfeit gold or platinum tops and their heads with do-clothes. Ladies may wear immense circle hoops, counterfeit fingernails and the insufficient dress that rap video ladies wear. Men may style their hair in cornrows or wear Afro wigs. The issue with these ghetto fab outfits is that they conjure cliché pictures of African Americans as low-class, uncouth, thuggish and explicitly provocative, among others. These outfits will in general be classist and supremacist, actuating dark undergrads who become mindful of â€Å"ghetto fab† gatherings to host disciplinary activity taken against get-together coordinators for making a racially unfriendly condition nearby. Redneck The flipside of the ghetto fab ensemble is the redneck or hillbilly Halloween outfit, which is additionally both supremacist and classist. Those selecting such an ensemble may wear a mullet wig, cattle rustler boots, and a rancher cap, alongside pants and a plaid shirt. Such outfits advance the generalization that poor whites are uninformed and deserving of criticism. They recommend that poor and common laborers whites are characteristically mediocre compared to their increasingly wealthy partners. Geisha Girl Strangely, the geisha young lady ensemble is famous among young ladies and ladies, the same. Taking into account that geishas are seen to be very good quality whores in numerous circles, that’s cause for concern. Additionally disturbing is that, alongside the winged serpent woman, china doll, and lotus bloom, geisha young lady is a racial and sexual generalization push onto Asian ladies. The geisha generalization is one that paints Asian ladies as compliant, doll-like and existing just to explicitly satisfy others. A supporter of Racialicous.com who passes by the name Atlasien piercingly illuminated why she articles to the apportionment of the geisha picture. â€Å"Geisha are not exceptionally significant in advanced Japan. They’re a fossilized prime example, practically like a ninja,† she commented. â€Å"But many individuals, particularly white individuals, are put resources into safeguarding geisha, in worshiping them. Also, when they do that, it damages to Japanese-American ladies and to all Asian-American women.† Muslim The 2001 psychological oppressor assaults on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon not just put Arab and Muslim Americans under extra examination in the U.S., however they likewise brought about an ascent in ensembles identified with Islamic fundamentalism. Need to wear a burqa for Halloween? There’s an outfit for it. What about a Muslim self destruction aircraft? That costume’s accessible too. The inquiry is the reason would you need to wear one of these ensembles? They’re definitely bound to annoy individuals you experience than to make them snicker. For sure, they raise the most exceedingly terrible generalizations about Muslim Americans, the greater part of whom are serene and reputable residents. Native Americans (With or Without Cowboys) Thinking about the reaction against Native American mascots in sports, it ought to be nothing unexpected that wearing an American Indian outfit is probably going to annoy a few. Regardless of whether you’re a child taking on the appearance of an Indian during a Thanksgiving play or a grown-up pulling for your preferred games group while wearing fake war paint and a hood, you’re prone to get a response on the grounds that these ensembles ordinarily paint Native Americans as childish and savage. Tossing cattle rustlers in with the general mish-mash just makes an already difficult situation even worse. At the point when European â€Å"cowboys† settled the Americas, they set out to fitting Native terrains as well as to pulverize or kill the indigenous populace. â€Å"Cowboys and Indians† parties downplay the abominations submitted for the sake of show predetermination. A January 2009 article composed by understudy Tefari Abel Casas Fuchs uncovers how genuinely harming â€Å"Cowboys and Indians† gatherings can be to Native American understudies. Notwithstanding these issues, the hot Pocahontas outfits available for ladies are racially hostile also. In addition to the fact that they sexualize Pocahontas, a youthful immature young lady, however Native American ladies for the most part. Very frequently, the sexual connections Native American ladies had with European pilgrims were exploitative or injurious, with Native ladies viewed as the deprecatory term â€Å"squaw.† Vagabond Vagabond getups every now and again get out and about at Halloween capacities. Like Native American outfits, in any case, these ensembles regularly paint Gypsies, all the more properly called Roma, in silly terms. â€Å"The romanticized picture of the ‘Gypsy’ is fit as a fiddle in tune verses, books, ensemble parties, melodic gatherings, and different types of social symbolism: ‘They are extraordinary ladies in brilliant skirts, moving in exotic swirls....’ They move by open air fires, travel in processions, tell fortunes with precious stone balls or Tarot cards,† notes support bunch Voice of Roma. Also, the Roma are generalized as being homeless people, pickpockets, and rascals. An a valid example is that one can utilize the articulations â€Å"I got conned† and â€Å"I got gypped† reciprocally. As opposed to check such generalizations, Gypsy ensembles advance them, overlooking the way that the Roma have for quite some time been mistreated and keep on confronting destructive separation all through Europe. During the Holocaust, around 1.5 million Roma were killed. In the present, Roma are denied their privileges to lodging, work, human services, and training, as indicated by Amnesty International. The office additionally reports that Roma are frequently casualties of constrained removals, bigot assaults, and police severity. How hardened is predisposition against the Roma? At the point when Madonna requested Roma segregation to quit during a show in Bucharest in August 2009, the group supposedly sneered. Wrapping Up While picking Halloween ensembles with a racial bowed, decide in favor of alert. You’ll be less inclined to insult in the event that you take on the appearance of a particular individual instead of a mysterious individual from a racial gathering. At the end of the day, consider going as Barack Obama for Halloween as opposed to a dark person, any dark person. What's more, make certain to abstain from changing your highlights in a manner that’s hostile. This implies not donning blackface to be President Obama or taping your eyes with the goal that they incline if you’re taking on the appearance of Bruce Lee. A lot of Obama covers are accessible in Halloween stores, and a dark wig, counterfeit scratches on the face and a combative techniques outfit may be all you should be Bruce Lee.

Research methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 5

Research techniques - Essay Example It sets up the pretended by promoting in affecting cell phone inclinations by clients. Results demonstrated that sexual orientation and age bunches were affected at an equivalent scale by publicizing and circulation of their cell phone brands. 58% of respondents favored I-telephone brand. Numerous respondents favored the usefulness and execution perspectives while picking the brand. Data of cell phones is gotten from the web yet purchased from brand stores. Shockingly numerous clients don't focus on publicizing. There is have to put high inclination on execution, activity and usefulness while choosing cell phone organizations. This is additionally a clarion call for cell phone organizations to hold their piece of the overall industry by making positive strides in expanding piece of the overall industry. The significance of quality and coherence in business by any outfit is to create deals and benefits. Staying in business is pegged on the capacity to create adequate deals of items that spread operational expenses and post sound benefits. To numerous organizations, deals gauge turns into the start of benefit arranging and planning (Cannon, 1999). Costs must be resolved preceding running creation and affecting material buys. On the customers’ point of view, the ideal decision covers buying an item with normal expenses however augments on usefulness, operational level and unwavering quality. The recovery of arranged cell phone marks in the data and correspondence industry has made a ferocious rivalry among key players, enthused about expanding their piece of the overall industry (Dunn, and Barban 1987). With expanding rivalry, shoppers face however decisions in recognizing their best image. It becomes vital that cell phone producers understand the chief issues that can draw the planned purchasers to their image. Thusly, they can direct promoting activity and arranging (Etzel, Walker and Stanton 1997). All things considered, in settling on choices on

Pottermania hits MIT

Pottermania hits MIT The campus and, indeed, the world is abuzz with excitement for the release of the seventh and final book in the Harry Potter series, Harry Potter And The Deathly Hallows. I dont know what will happen this time around, but on the morning of July 16, 2005 when the sixth book, Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, was released MIT hackers put Harrys lightning bolt scar on the Great Dome. On Confessions of an Aca/Fan, Professor Henry Jenkins of MITs Comparative Media Studies program blogged Mays Harry Potter conference, where he spoke on his thoughts on the ways fandom in general and Harry Potter in particular have shaped contemporary culture. Here are some of his thoughts from his blog entry: Shortly after I arrived in New Orleans, I was interviewed on camera by a producer for Dateline. Among the many questions he asked me was whether we would ever see something like the Harry Potter phenomenon again in our lifetime. The question was relatively banal but for some reason, it caught me off guard, as I realized that according to many theories, we shouldnt be seeing anything like the Harry Potter phenomenon now. Harry Potter is a massive mass market success at a time when all of our conversations are focusing on the fragmentation of the media marketplace and the nichification of media production. There has been so much talk about the loss of common culture, about the ways that we are all moving towards specialized media, about the end of event based consumption, and so forth. Yet very little of it has reflected on the ways that Harry Potter has bucked all of these trends. I got into my taxi from the airport and had the usual conversation you have with a taxi driver in a convention city. He asked where I came from and why I was in town as if following a script and then asked me what kind of conference I was attending. But when I told him I was going to a Harry Potter conference, his eyes brightened up, his voice grew more intense, and he told me how very very much he was waiting for the final novel to come out this summer. I checked into the hotel and went across the street for some late lunch and played out more or less the same conversation with the waitress. When she saw I had a conference program, she brought several of her friends around including some from the kitchen who wanted to flip through the program, who wanted to sneak across the street and attend a session or two, who wondered aloud who I thought might be killed in the final installment and whether or not Snape was an evil person. Some of them had stories of the lengths they had gone to celebrate their affection for and affiliation with these books. These folks werent simply the readers of a best-selling book series; they had all of the passion and at least some of the expertise one associates with the most hardcore fans of any other media property, only they had no direct affiliation with any kind of fan culture or community. I tried explaining this to the television producer, worried that the final documentary, when it airs later this summer, will fall prey to the usual stereotypes of crazed and obsessive fans, totally outside of the cultural mainstream. But statistically speaking, the people who are not fans of Harry Potter are outside of the mainstream. According to Wikipedia, the six books have so far sold 377 Million copies and been translated into more than 63 different languages. Harry Potter will be widely recognized by people all over the world, including many who have not read the books but watched the movies or simply read a newspaper over the past decade. Prof. Jenkins isnt the only MIT expert being asked about Harry potter these days. The Boston Globe published an article this week about one point of anxiety about the release of the new book: some people, especially parents, are worried about the psychological effects on children should a beloved character like Harry be killed in the book. Psychiatrist David Jones of MIT advises parents to read the book as quickly as their children do. If a child says, Why did he/she have to die? saying, I dont know, I havent read the book, is a bad answer, he says. Fan websites offer plot summaries of all the books, and he expects the new one will be up by midday Sunday. You need to be informed so you can help your child find meaning in whosever death it is, Jones says. It is, of course, just a book, and thats a fine thing to remind your reader. But sadness for a fictional character is very real to children, and they need help processing it. What will be most troublesome to explain is if the character dies in a random act of violence rather than in some meaningful way, Jones says. Recently, a student team in an MIT design class designed a Harry Potter-themed product. In SP.778: Toy Product Design, every group of 5-6 students, working with local elementary schools and Hasbro, creates a new toy. Some of the toys have included Eggman Friends, Flosszilla, and Roli Boli. One team designed a very neat dental toy called Harry Potters Magical Toothbrush. The basic pitch: Harry Potters Magical Toothbrush levitates before your eyes when placed inside its holder. The base illuminates when the toothbrush is near. At this point, you may be wondering, so where will MIT students be partying on Friday night? Here in Boston, there are several exciting options. One is Hogwarts Square. One of this events highlights is Wizardstock, a big concert featuring world renowned wizard rock bands including Harry the Potters, Draco and the Malfoys, the Hungarian Horntails, and the Harry Potter Alliance. Other highlights include magic classes, wand making, fortune telling, a screening of Harry Potter The Sorcerers Stone, the Potter Puppet Pals (video), and a fan fiction contest. An alternative (closer to where Bryan O. lives) is Potterpalooza, an indoor/outdoor street festival. This includes the Wizards Ball dance, a costume competition, temporary tattoos, and more. For the visually impaired, the Perkins School for the Blind will host the Harry Potter extravaganza. It will feature readings from the new book by basketball players from the Boston Celtics. There will also be a raffle for a 18 inch tall, 10-volume stack of the Braille version of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows. Regardless of where you go for the book release, its sure to be a very exciting night for Harry Potter fans everywhere. What are you doing? Previous Harry Potter coverage on the MIT blogs: Bertie Botts Every Flavor Beans + Peanuts + Crackerjacks (Bryan O.) Boston becomes Pottersville (Me) Wangoballwime? (Laura) He-Who-Must-Not-Be-Named Returns (Bryan O.) A quick one, while hes away (Sam) At right: Bryan dresses up for the release of Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince. [Please, no spoilers in the comments!]

Self-Study Checklist for Beginner French Students

Essay Hemmingway-hills Like White El - 712 Words

Writing styles changed drastically from the nineteenth to twentieth centuries. The nineteenth century had authorial intervention and authors wrote about things they had never experienced, where as the twentieth century had a lot of hidden symbols and images and writings were more generally based on events in which the authors had been a part of. Many people thought these amp;#8220;hard to understand writings would be a temporary phase of literature, but authors such as Ernest Hemingway wrote in such a branding way that this writing style has been a constant example of a powerful literary expression. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Hemingway was one of the best users of symbols and images. In the story Hills†¦show more content†¦Hemingway also uses images to tell you the choice they make. When it says amp;#8220;he picked up the two heavy bags and carried them around the station to the other tracks; it is telling you that they changed their minds, chose the different path, and decided not to get the abortion. There are also some not so hidden images. When he describes the scenery Hemingway is just trying to give you an idea of the type of environment they are in. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;These other symbols and images, though, were hidden emotional feelings or contained no authorial intervention. A usual nineteenth century piece would tell you what to think by coming right out and saying it. Nineteenth, instead of saying amp;#8220;I feel fine, Thereamp;#8217;s nothing wrong with me I feel fine,; where her true feelings are hidden inside, would say something along the lines of amp;#8220;I hope we made the right decision, for I donamp;#8217;t want this to hurt our relationship in any way.; This is telling you exactly how she is feeling and why she is concerned. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Hemingwayamp;#8217;s writings also had the modern characteristic of drawing heavily in the own experience for the plots, settings, and characters in his works. This made his writings more realistic than nineteenth

Food Rituals in Hinduism Free Essays

Hindu Traditions: Food and Purification Ashley LeBlanc Introduction to Eastern Religions Dr. Patricia Campbell November 16, 2010 LeBlanc 2 Hinduism is a religion that originated in India and is still practiced by most of the Natives as well as the people who have migrated from India to other parts of the world. Statistically there are over seven hundred million Hindus, mainly in Bangladesh, India and Nepal. We will write a custom essay sample on Food Rituals in Hinduism or any similar topic only for you Order Now Approximately eighty percent of the population in India is Hindu (Encyclopaedia Britannica n. d. ).The word Hindu comes from an ancient Sanskrit term meaning â€Å"dwellers by the Indus River,† referring to the location of India’s earliest know civilization, the Pakistan. The religion suggests commitment to or respect for an ideal way of life known as Dharma. Hinduism absorbs foreign ideas and beliefs making it have a wide variety of beliefs and practices. This has given it a character of social and doctrinal system that extends to every aspect of life. One of the most important aspects of the Hindu tradition is the food and purification process.Not only is the concept of purity and food seen in sacred texts, but also is a daily practice within Hindu practitioners. According to the Bhagavad Gita, â€Å"All beings come into existence from food. Food comes from rains. Rains originate from the performance of sacrifices. And sacrifice is born out of doing prescribed duties† (3:13). Therefore, food is verily an aspect of Brahman, which according to Jeffery Brodd is â€Å"the eternal, unchanging, infinite, immanent, and transcendent reality which is the Divine Ground of all matter, energy, time, space, being, and everything beyond in this Universe† (Brodd 2003, 17). Since the food is a gift from the gods, it should be treated with respect. Also in the Bhagavad Gita, Krishna states that there are three types of sacrifices, along with austerity and charity. Sattvic (cold) food is one that increases longevity, purity, strength, happiness, and taste; these foods are usually juicy or oily. These types of foods are allowed, and mostly recommended as offerings to the gods. Rajasic (or hot) includes foods that are bitter, sour, hot, spicy, and salty which is believed to lead to disease, unhappiness, and sorrow.When a LeBlanc person eats these foods without sacrifice, it is believed that they will develop the qualities they convey and act upon them (Michaels 2004, 183-184). When it comes to preparing food, the person preparing it is closely speculated. Purity is the goal during preparation. Chants and purification rituals with incense and offerings are done before, and sometimes after every meal. In the Hindu tradition, purification is not only an expression of external status, but also make one pure internally and morally.For example, a butcher or a farmer’s products would be considered impure for the fact that they are harming innocent living creatures for sustenance, whereas bakers and milkmen are reaping products without harm (Arthur M. Sackler Gallery 1996). The age, status, and sex of the person cooking and serving the food are also taken into account. Hindus also believe food that has been purified can be re-polluted by touching or even looking at it. Because of this, women who are menstruating cannot prepare or serve food for the fear of pollution.At the same time, many sacrifices and offerings are performed based on reciprocity. Another method in Hindu tradition to keep food pure during consumption is to eat with the right hand, as the left hand is seen to be impure since it is used for cleaning after defecation. 3 Another aspect that is closely looked at is who may accept cooked food from whom. The usual custom goes that the young can accept food from the elder, the inferior rank from the superior, the wife from the husband, and so on. The only exception in Hindu tradition is in weddings.In this circumstance, the bride’s family cooks for the usually higher-ranking groom and his family. Another example noted in Michael’s book is when â€Å"Brahman cooks, when hired by higher ranking Brahmans; or temple feedings, when the food is seen as leftovers of the gods and thus all believers stand at the same level and eat next to one another† (2004, 183). Also in terms of leftovers, it is seen as an act of respect if the wife consumes the leftovers of her LeBlanc 4 husband, or eats after him from his plate.This is deliberate pollution as the pure food has already been consumed and any leftovers have been touched by human hands, and thus impure. Food to Hindus is a lifelong religious and social concern; it stands at the core of religion and society. Some even say that â€Å"[food] shapes family life, caste-and-marriage rules, and religious and spiritual values† (Khare 2004, 415). There are many taboos, ritual exclusions, preferences and prescriptions concerning the conception of ‘vegetarianism’ and ‘nonvegetariansim’.This taboo c reates four separate areas of India that practice either vegetarianism or nonvegeratianism differently; The north constitutes Kashmir and Punjab to Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, and Madhya Pradesh; the ‘western’ includes Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Maharashtra, the ‘eastern’ region Bihar, Bengal, Assam, Orissa, and other northeastern states, and the ‘southern’ includes Kannada, Talminadu, Kerala, and Andhra Pradesh (Khare 2004, 415). Customary ways in these areas are passed on from generation to generation, and are practiced religiously. Food taboos are a historically complicated subject for Hindus.For example, the beef taboo creates ecological and political conflicts. According to Khare, â€Å"Brahmanical deification of cow played a crucial role long-term vis-a-vis Buddhism, producing a prologned religious, historical, and regional tussel, yielding, in the process, changing definitons of both nonviolence and vegetariansim† (2004, 416). Today, followers of Vishnu are most often vegetarians and practice right-handed rituals, whereas worshippers of the goddess justify meat eating, drinking, and left-handed rituals. Therefore, more modern interpretations of Hinduism in relation to dietary practices can still differ.In terms of prasada , or ‘blessed food’, are primarily vegetarian when being offered to gods such as Vishnu, Rama, Krishna, and Ganesh. One must also remember that not all goddess worshipers are meat-eaters, some still practice vegetarianism. (Khare 2004, 417). LeBlanc In terms of the actual ritual of purification, it differs from each practicioner. Hindus constantly practice the methods of obtaining control and exercising restraint methods of purification and of cultivation of positive moral qualities. Food in Hinduism, as previously mentioned, is one of the most celebrated rituals.For example, a child’s first feeding is celebrated as a samskara ( celebration at a stage of life). The ritual first begins with a clean 5 surrounding. When food is served, water is sprinkled around it. This is meant to purify the foods and make it worthy for sacrifice. Then, food is offered to five pranas (breath- one of the five organs of vitality or sensation) (Widgery 1930, 235); The five pranas, along with their explanation are as follows: Prana is responsible for the beating of the heart and breathing. Prana enters the body through the breath and is sent to every cell through the circulatory system.Apana is responsible for the elimination of waste products from the body through the lungs and excretory systems. Udana produces sounds through the vocal apparatus, as in speaking, singing, laughing, and crying. Also it represents the conscious energy required to produce the vocal sounds corresponding to the intent of the being. Hence Samyama on udana gives the higher centers total control over the body. Samana controls the digestion of food and cell metabolism (i. e. the repair and manufacture of new cells and growth). Samana also includes the heat regulating processes of the body. Auras are projections of this current.By meditational practices one can see auras of light around every being. Yogis who do special practise on samana can produce a blazing aura at will. Vyana is responsible for the expansion and contraction processes of the body, e. g. the voluntary muscular system (Prana 2010). LeBlanc 6 In conclusion, we can see through Hindu rituals and practices that food and purity plays an important role in everyday life. The importance of purity when consuming sacrificed foods or foods offered to a chosen deity is great. Hinduism thrives despite numerous reforms and shortcuts through gradual modernization and urbanization of Indian life.Thus, Hinduism, which sustained India through centuries of foreign occupation and internal disruption, continues to serve a vital function by giving passionate meaning and supportive form to the lives of Hindus today. How to cite Food Rituals in Hinduism, Essays

AP Lang John Downe Rhetorical Analysis free essay sample

John Downe utilizes logic, emotional language, and his credibility to persuade his wife to come to the United states very effectively. The most effective of these are his emotional appeals. Downe uses a lot of emotional language to persuade his wife to feel a certain way about coming to the United states; he wants her to want to come. Downe also appeals to his wifes emotions by explaining that he misses her as well as their children in paragraph two. Downe addresses his wife as Dear Sukey and he says All that I want now is to see you, and the dear children here, and then I shall be happy and not before. Downe also states his regret for leaving Sukey and their children behind, and apologizes for doing so: l should not have left you behind me it was sore against me. Downe says these things to make his wife feel as if he would do anything to have her there with him. We will write a custom essay sample on AP Lang John Downe Rhetorical Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Downe also states l would rather cross the atlantic ten times than hear my children cry for victuals once. Downe, in a final-ditch effort, tries to explain to his wife that she will find a few inconveniences on the way to America, but they will pass quickly, while also trying to inspire her for the Journey ahead. Downe appeals to his own credibility by making a rebuttal statement to the argument, saying that It is a foolish idea that some people have, that there is too many people come here. It is quite the reverse In this statement, Downe is explaining that those who oppose him are wrong and why they are wrong. Downe is trying to make his wife understand that he is there, living in America, whilst those who oppose the idea are not actually living there or they would know and think the same way he does. Downe also states that he knows his wife will enjoy life in America, which he is able to claim because he, as her husband, knows her better than anyone, and as a person living in America can say that better than anyone who does not live there. Downe appeals to his wifes sense of logic by explaining that he has found a Job in America: l have got a situation in a factory and goes on to explain that his boss is taking care of him, and that the people were hospital. Downe also describes a sense of security in America, saying They do not think of locking the doors in the country as well as describing how much things cost, implying that they will save money by iving in America. Over all, Downe appeals to a sense of logic by explaining how America is different from england. Downe appeals to his wifes senses of emotion and logic, and his own credibility in this letter to his wife. Downe explains that America is different than england, that they will save money and feel safer, to appeal to her sense of logic. Downe utilizes his wifes emotions by explaining that he misses her as well as their children, and credibility by reminding his wife that he lives in America already and implying that she should listen to him because of this.